INDEX OF IMPORTANT SUBJECTS
IN THE WORKS OF FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS
All references are to the "Antiquities" unless otherwise noted, as "Wars" or "Apion." References are by Book, Chapter, Section. Example Book 4: Chapter 8: Section 3, = 4:8:3. We have included only the references which amplify the Biblical record.
AARON
Made High Priest 3:8:1
Dies in Petra at age 123 years, on 1st of Ab 4:4:7
ABEL
Offered milk and flesh 1:2:1
Murdered by Cain 1:2:1
Righteous character 1:2:1
ABNER
7:1:1-6
ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION
Antiochus Epiphanes takes Jerusalem and Temple 12:5:3-4
Daily Sacrifice forbidden 12:5:4, Wars 1:1:1
Swine Offered 12:5:4
Judas purifies land 12:6:4; Temple 12:7:6
Statue of Caius in the Temple 18:8:2
Jupiter Olympus described 19:1:1
ABORTIONS
Forbidden by Jewish law Apion 2:25
ABRAHAM
Was a great man among the Chaldeans, ruled at Damascus 1:7:2
Taught Egyptians astronomy and confuted their religious practices 1:8:2
And Lot 1:10:1
Sacrifice of Isaac at 25 years old 1:13:2
Sons by Keturah 1:15
Mentioned in Roman records 14:10:22
ADAM
Knew the earth was to be destroyed by water and fire 1:2:3
AGE
Why men lived longer before the Flood 1:3:9
Historians preserve length 1:3:9
Decrease 1:6:5
Attested to by Pharoah before Jacob 2:7:6
AGRICULTURE
Cain's abuse of the soil 1:2:1
Engendering mixed kinds forbidden 4:8:20
Sowing seed among vines prohibited 4:8:20
Fruit from orchard in first five years 4:8:19
Gelding illegal for men and animals 4:8:40
AGRIPPA, The Great 18:6
Josephus gives Agrippa and Titus a copy of his work Life :65
Dissuades Caius from setting his statue in the Temple18:8:7
Given Phillip's tetrarchy, Lysanias and Abilene Wars 2:12:8
His miserable death 19:8:2
AGRIPPA, His Son
Famous speech to Jews not to oppose mightiest Empire ever known Wars 2:16:4
AHAB
Built temples to Baal to gratify his father-in-law 9:6:6
And Elijah 8:13:5-6
And Jehoshaphat, his death 8:15:1-6
AHAZIAH
Looked to Fly, god of Ekron, for healing 9:2:1
ALEXANDER, the Great 11:8:1-7
Prophesied as horn of goat 10:11:7
And Darius 11:8:3
His death, Empire divided 12:1:1
ALEXANDRIA
Library had 200,000 books, projected by Demetrius to 500,000 12:2:1
Jews in city 14:7:2
ANGELS
Married women before the Flood 1:3:1
And Daniel 10:11:7
ANTIOCHUS, The Great III 12:3:1-4
Epiphanes IV 12:5:1
Forbids the Daily Sacrifice 12:5:4
Prophesied 10:11:7
Offers swine 12:5:4
Called God 12:5:5
And Judas Maccabaeus 12:7:1-2
ARISTOBULUS
Becomes king instead of John Hyrcanus 14:1:1
His awful death Wars 1:3:6
ARK of Noah
In Armenia, mentioned by barbarian historians 1:3:6
Shown to tourists in Josephus' day 20:2:2
ARK of God
Copied by pagans at Delphi 3:6:6
70 non-Levites killed when they approached too close 6:1:4
Moved into Temple at Tabernacles by Solomon 8:4:1
ARTAXERXES
Deliberately confused with Xerxes 11:5:1
ASA
Given the victory against Zerah the Ethiopian 8:12:1
ASPHALTITIS, Lake (Dead Sea)
Description of 1:9:1 Wars 4:8:4
Filled with dead bodies coming down Jordan Wars 4:7:6
ASSYRIANS
War with Sodom and Gomorrah 1:9:1
ASTRONOMY
Began with Seth, Josephus confuses with Astrology 1:2:3
Began after the Flood with Chaldeans 1:8:2
Abraham taught the Egyptians 1:8:2
Joshua's long day 5:1:17
Hezekiah's sun goes back 10o 10:2:1
AUGUSTUS
Decrees freedom for all Jews 19:5:3
BAALZEBUB See also "FLY"
God of Flies — from power to keep flies away from sacrifices 9:2:1
BABEL
Tower built by Nimrod to escape another Flood 1:4:2
Sibyl mentions it 1:4:3
Whole earth colonized by language groups 1:5:1, 1:6:1
BABYLON
Kings of, Apion 1:19:21
Jews in, 10:11:1
Moved there by Nebuchadnezzar 10:9:7
Daniel in, 10:10:1 - 10:11:7
Named from Babel 1:4:3
BALAAM
His sin 4:6:2
Promised Israel the islands, the continents, and the whole world 4:6:4
BARUCH
And Jeremiah 10:9:6
And Jehoiakim — burns the scroll 10:6:2-3
BELSHAZZAR
Writing on the wall 10:11:2-3
His death — end of Nebuchadnezzar's dynasty 10:11:4
BEHEADING
Antony was first to behead a king — Antigonus 15:1:2
BIBLE
Moses delivers the Law in writing 4:8:44
Old Testament Canon Apion 1:8
Septuagint Translation 12:2:1-13
Background to Acts and New Testament 19:3:1-20:9:1
BIRTHDAYS
Baker crucified on Pharaoh's birthday 2:5:3-4
Gentiles gave presents 7:4:9
Gentiles kept them 12:4:7
gave presents 12:4:9
Agrippa's celebration 19:7:1
Jews forbidden to make festivals at birth of their children Apion 2:26
BIRTHRIGHT and SCEPTRE
World dominion promised to Israel 4:6:4
Ten Tribes beyond Euphrates in Ezra's day 11:5:2
BREASTPLATE
Contained 12 stones which shone as sign of God's presence and victory, called the 'Oracle' by Greeks, ceased to shine, 100 B.C. 3:8:9
CAESAR
AUGUSTUS
Friendly to the Jews, edict in their favor 16:6:2
CAIUS
Orders his statue placed in the Temple 18:8:2 Wars 2:10:1
Dissuaded by Agrippa 18:8:7
His mad behaviour and murder 19:1:1-20
CLAUDIUS
Friendly to Jews 19:5:2
Appoints Fadus Procurator 20:1:1
Famine of 45-46 in his day (Acts 11:28) 20:2:5
Appoints Tiberius Alexander as Procurator 20:5:2
Appoints Cumanus Procurator 20:5:2
Appoints Felix as Procurator, Agrippa as Tetrarch 20:7:1
NERO
Appoints Aristobulus and Agrippa as rulers 20:8:4 Wars 2:13:2
His extreme cruelty 20:8:2
His death halts the war -- whole Empire in turmoil, Wars 4:9:2
VESPASIAN
At Gadara burned environs mercilessly Wars 3:7:1
Used 160 engines of war Wars 3:7:9
Takes Jotapata Wars 3:7:36
Takes Joppa, utterly destroys it Wars 3:9:3
Takes Gamala, many die of famine Wars 4:1:9
Galilee falls, 4:2:5
Fortifies all round Jerusalem, citadels at Jericho and Adida, Wars 4:9:1
Takes whole army to Jerusalem, Wars 4:9:2
Delays attack at death of Nero, Wars 4:9:2
Takes mountain country where true church were before they fled to Pella, late 69 A.D. Wars 4:9:9
Goes to Rome to be Emperor, late winter 69-70, leaves Titus behind to take Jerusalem Wars 4:11:5
TITUS
Wanted to preserve city and Temple Wars 5:8:1
Called God to witness it was not his act but inhabitants that led to city falling Wars 5:12:4
Concern for Jerusalem Wars 6:2:4
Entered the Holy of Holies Wars 6:4:7
Openly admitted that God had delivered the Jews up Wars 6:9:1
Whipped and crucified robbers, 'room wanting for the crosses and crosses wanting for the bodies' Wars 5:9:1
Cut down all trees for 11 1/2 miles around Jerusalem - made desert
Orders wall to be dug up to foundation Wars 7:1:1, Wars 6:1:1
CAIN
Began a competitive society (Way of Cain) 1:2:1-2
Introduced weights, boundaries, measures, forced the ground, plundered, injured others, became a great leader of men into wicked courses Not executed because he had given a sacrifice, but cursed to the seventh generation.
CALENDAR
Begins Civil and Religious year at different times 1:3:3
CALF of GOLD
Set up at Dan's site (Daphnae) where Little Jordan enters Jordan — footnote, 8:8:4, Wars 4:1:1
CAMBYSES
Forbade construction of Temple 11:2:1-2
CANAAN
Land taken and divided 5:1:1-25
CANNIBALISM
In the time of Elisha's famine 9:4:4
In the time of the Ptolemies 13:12:6
In Jerusalem, mother eating her own son Wars 6:3:4
CARCHEMISH
Battle of, Nebuchadnezzar vs. Necho 10:6:1
CESTIUS
Attacks Judaea Wars 2:18:10
Slew those who did not keep the Feast of Tabernacles Wars 2:19:1
Attacks Jerusalem Wars 2:19:5
Put to flight by Jews Wars 2:19:8-9
CHRIST
Birth dated by Herod's reign
Receives kingdom 40 B.C., 184th Olympiad 14:14:5
Came to take control of Judaea 37 B.C. 14:15:14 Died 3 B.C. 17:8:1
Marked by eclipse of the Moon 17:6:4
Spurious additions by Catholics, of his divinity 18:3:3
Josephus tries to obscure Daniel's prophecy 11:6:1, 10:10:6 footnote Glosses over Daniel, just refers reader to sacred writings 10:10:4
CHRONOLOGY
Josephus uses faulty chronology, Septuagint — example, Flood 2656 A.M., 1:3:3
CIRCUMCISION
Abraham and Ishmael 1:10:5
Arabs circumcise in 13th year 1:12:2
Idumaeans circumcised 13:9:1
King Izates circumcised 20:2:4
CLOTHING
Mixed fabrics 4:8:11
Transvestism forbidden 4:8:43
CORAH'S REBELLION
His great riches, his death 4:2:4 - 4:3:3-4
COURSES of Priests
Laid out in order Apion 2:8
CORBAN
Aqueduct built by Pontius Pilate out of Corban Wars 2:9:4
CRASSUS
Robs Temple Wars 1:8:8
CRIMINALS See also "ZEALOTS"
Character of criminals Wars 4:6:3
Citizens prefer war with Rome than criminals and ‘peace' Wars 5:2:5
No opposition given to them Wars 4:3:10
Incapable of repenting Wars 5:12:4
CRUCIFIXION
Pharaoh's baker crucified 2:5:4
Artaxerxes used it 11:6:4
Titus used it, whipped and crucified men so that there were not enough crosses for the bodies and not enough room for the crosses Wars 5:9:1
CUTHEANS See also "SAMARITANS"
Replaced Israel 9:14:1
Hinder Temple construction 11:2:1, 11:4:4
CYRENIUS
Became Governor of Syria 18:1:1
CYRUS
Knew he was sent of God 11:1:1
Ends the Seventy Years captivity 11:1:2
DAGON
Temple at Ashdod 13:4:4
Image worshipped the Ark of God 6:1:1
DANIEL
In the court of Nebuchadnezzar 10:10:2
Interprets the dream (Daniel 2) 10:10:4-5
Interprets the writing on the wall (Daniel 5) 10:11:3
Taken by Darius the Mede to Media 10:11:4
In the lion's den 10:11:5-6
Daniel 11 10:11:6,
Daniel 8 book not written when critics claim 10:11:7
Prophecy of desolation of temple 12:2:6
DAVID
Slays Goliath while still not of `man's estate' 6:9:1-5
Mentioned by Nicolaus of Damascus 7:5:2
Defeated Hadad in a battle on Euphrates 7:5:2
Took Jerusalem from the Jebusites 7:31
His tomb opened by John Hyrcanus 13:8:4, 7:15:3, Wars 1:2:5
His tomb opened by Herod 7:15:3, 16:7:1
His line to continue 7:4:4
DEMONS
Saul under the influence of 6:11:5
Supposedly exorcised by Solomon 8:2:5
Witch of Endor 6:14:1-4
Spirits of the wicked which enter men and kill them Wars 7:6:5
DISEASES
Punishment on land for king's disobedience
DIVORCE
Laws of 4:8:23-24
DROUGHT
Continually 24 B.C. onward 15:9:1
Produce diseases 15:9:1
Made to eat unclean things 15:9:1
EARTHQUAKE
Great one in 31 B.C. 15:5:2, Wars 1:19:3
When Dathan and Abiram tried to offer sacrifices in the Temple 9:10:4 Swallows Dathan 4:3:2
EGYPT
Bread basket of Rome, Vespasian wanted control of Alexandria, Winter 69-70 A.D. Wars 4:10:5
ELIJAH
8:13:1-8
EPHRAIM
Name literally means "restored" 2:6:1
EPICUREANS
10:11:7
ESAU
Birth and marriages 1:18:2-7
Birthright 1:18:4-7
Originally possessed Idumea named from Edom (red) 2:1:1
Called Edom because of red lentil pottage 2:1:1
Esau's sons 2:1:2
Idumeans circumcised 13:9:1
ESSENES See also "SECTS, JEWISH"
ESTHER
A description of Haman, Mordecai and Esther 11:6:1-13
EXODUS
Date: 430 years after Abraham and 215 years after Jacob 2:15:2
Plagues of, 2:14:1-6
Towns along the route of the Exodus 2:15:1
Pharaoh's army, description of 2:15:3
Crossing of the Red Sea 2:16:1-3
No Egyptians left to report the tragedy at the Red Sea 2:16:3
Israelites gather the Egyptians' weapons 2:16:6
How Lysimachus recorded the Exodus Apion 1:34
EZEKIEL
Carried captive by Nebuchadnezzar at the end of Jehoiakim's reign 10:6:3 Prophesies to Zedekiah with Jeremiah 10:7:2
EZRA (Esdras) 11:5:1-5
Epistle from Xerxes about Temple and Jerusalem 11:5:1-2
Xerxes is confused with Artaxerxes by Josephus 11:5:1
Strange marriages 11:5:3
FABRIC, Mixed See also "CLOTHING"
FACTIONS
Three in Jerusalem 70 A.D. Wars 5:1:1-6
FAMINE
In Jerusalem in 45 A.D. 20:2:5
Zedekiah's time 10:8:1
In Jerusalem before and during the seige of 70 A.D. Wars 5:10:1, 5:12:3, 5:13:7
Food burned in Jerusalem Wars 5:1:4 and footnote
Meanwhile Titus had ample food supplies Wars 5:12:4
FEASTS
Moses exhorted all Israel to go to one temple 3 times in the year 4:8:7
Passover
Josephus said the Law placed the Passover on Nisan 14 3:10:5
Kept on Nisan 14 in the year of the Exodus 2:14:6
Came before the Feast of Unleavened Bread 9:13:3
Kept on Nisan 14 after the completion of the Temple in time of Zerubbabel — 11:4:8
Not properly kept by Jews before Christ 14:2:2
Jerusalem surrounded at Passover Wars 6:9:3
Unleavened Bread
Eight days including Passover 2:15:1
Jews did not partake of new harvest until second day of Festival 3:10:5
Fall of Jericho during the Feast 5:1:5,6
Called Passover by Jews 17:9:3, Wars 2:1:3
Pentecost
Description of the observance of Pentecost 3:10:6
The Pharisees observed it on wrong day 13:8:4
How to count Wars 2:3:1
Feast of Tabernacles
Solomon moved the Ark to the Temple at the Feast of Tabernacles and called all the people together 8:4:1
Jeroboam moves to eighth month 8:8:4
Kept in seventh month 11:5:5
"Much observed" in the time of Herod 15:1:3
Cities left empty as multitudes went to the Feast Wars 2:19:1
Trumpets used at sacrifices, Sabbaths and Feasts
FELIX
Made procurator of Judea 20:7:1 Wars 2:12:8
FESTUS (Porcius)
Made procurator by Nero 20:8:9
FIRSTBORN See also "TITHES"
Redeemed 4:4:4
FLIES, GOD OF See also "AHAZIAH"
FLOOD
Date and year of the Flood 1:3:3
Historians knew of it 1:3:6
Attested to in Chaldean history Apion 1:19
Ark seen in the days of Josephus 20:2:2
Ark in Armenia 1:3:6
FLORUS, GESSIUS
Tries to make Jews revolt, 3 million entreat Cestius for relief Wars 2:14:3
FOOD
Josephus says the quality of the food was changed after the Flood 1:3:9 Food laws 3:11:2
Burned in Jerusalem 70 A.D. Wars 5:1:4 and footnote
FUNERALS
They were to be simple according to the Law Apion 2:27
GALILEE, SEA OF (Gennesareth)
Description Wars 3:10:7-8
GAMES
Instituted by Herod 15:8:1
GAULS
Description of, Wars 2:16:4
GEDALIAH
Set up by the Babylonians 10:9:1
Killed by Ishmael 10:9:4
GELDING See also "AGRICULTURE"
GERMANS
Description of in Joshua's time 5:2:3
Mention of Goliath (details of stature) 6:9:1-5
Valley of Giants 7:4:1
GIBEAH
People rape Levite's wife 5:2:8
GREEKS
Description of Wars 2:16:4
HADES
See entire extract of Josephus' discourse concerning Hades
HAIR
Do not dye Wars 1:24:7, Herod did Wars 1:24:7
HAM
Where his sons settled 1:6:2
HEBRON
Seven years older than Tanais 1:8:3, Wars 4:9:7
HEROD, THE GREAT (40-3 B.C.)
His father, Antipater (an Idumean) was a friend of Hyrcanus II 14:1:3 Escapes death penalty from Sanhedrin by Hyrcanus' actions 14:10:3-4 Deposes Antigonus from Judea 14:12:1
Gained favor of Anthony of Rome by many gifts 14:12:2 15:1:2
Received control of the kingdom of Palestine 14:14:5 Wars 1:14:4
Takes Jerusalem 1:18:1-5
Took control of the kingdom 14:16:1-4
Pheroras his partner in all but the crown Wars 1:24:5
Beheaded Antigonus; first man to behead a king 15:1:2
Drowns High Priest 15:3:3
Established practices entrary to "Jewish" laws — Roman-like games and races 15:8:1, 16:5:1
Famine in his 13th year 15:9:1
Built Cesarea 15:9:6, 16:5:1
Undertook to rebuild Temple, took away old foundations and laid new, Spring 19 B.C. - Autumn 18 B.C. 15:11:1-6 Wars 1:21:1
Built Temple of Apollo at Rhodes 16:5:3
Attempted to enter David and Solomon's tomb 16:7:1
His temper 15:6:1, 16:5:4, 16:11:4, 16:11:7
Cruelty to family 16:9:2; to domestics 16:8:2
Moon eclipsed on March 13th 4-3 B.C. (helps date it) 17:6:4
Wanted all principal Jews slain at his death 17:6:5
Pitiful condition and death at 70 years 17:6:1, 17:8:1 Wars 1:33:5-8
Two of his sons were Herod Antipas and Philip 17:1:3
His son Antipater's defence Wars 1:32:3
Kingdom divided 17:1:4 Wars 2:6:3
His family, end of his line 18:5:4
Philip dies in the 20th year of Tiberius 18:4:6
Herod Antipas married his brother's wife, Herodias 18:5:1
HEZEKIAH
Kept Passover and reinstituted sacrifices 9:13:3
Sun returned 10 degrees to its original position 10:2:1
Assyrians overthrown in his day 10:2:2
HIGH PRIESTS
Listed 10:8:6
Murders in Temple, nation punished by Persians 11:7:1
Antigonus drowned by Herod 15:3:3
Replaced often by Gratus - just before Pilate comes to Judea 18:2:2
HISTORIANS
Hid truth 16:7:1
Altered true records Apion 1:3:5
Greeks altered names and obscured history 1:5:1
Tell that men used to live to 1000 years 1:3:9
HIRAM and SOLOMON
Apion 1:17
IDOLATRY See also "IMAGES" and "AHAB"
Jehu expunged Baalism but permitted golden heifers to remain 9:6:6 Ahaz offered his own son in a sacrifice 9:12:1
Stopped by Josiah 10:4:3-5
Jews refused Caius' image 18:8:1
IDUMEANS See also "MACCABEANS"
Defeated by John Hyrcanus, became just like the Jews 13:9:1
Posterity of Esau 12:8:1
IMAGES
Jewish Legislature forbade them, Apion 2:6
Jews pleaded to have Roman statues removed 18:3:1 Wars 2:9:2
ISAAC
Age at the time of "sacrifice" (25 years) 1:13:2
"Sacrifice"on Moriah, mountain on which the temple was built 1:13:2
Birthright 1:18:5-7
ISHMAEL 1:10:4-5
His sons 1:12:4
Murders Gedaliah -- takes Zedekiah's daughters 10:9:7
JACOB 1:18:1
With Laban 1:19:1
With angel — overcoming is a great victory — sign of great blessings 1:20:2
His children handsome — with so many he must be very rich 2:6:2
Dies in Egypt, blesses Joseph 2:8:1
ISRAEL, HOUSE OF
Carried into Media and Persia by Shalmaneser 9:14:1, 10:9:7
Hadn't returned from captivity in days of Josephus 11:5:2
Promised world-wide dominion by Baalam 4:6:4
JAMES, brother of Jesus
His stoning 20:9:1
JAPHETH
Where his descendants settled 1:6:1
JEPTHAH
Offered his daughter as a burnt offering 5:7:10
JEHOSHAPHAT
The Moabites given into his hands by a miracle from God -- a river turned to blood 9:3:2
Ahab 8:15:1-6
JERUSALEM
Desert for 70 years 10:9:7
Its fall 10:8:1-2 Wars 6:9:1-4, 6:10:1
Titus admitted openly that God did it Wars 6:9:1
Inhabitants sent as gifts to die by sword, beast as spectacle Wars 6:9:2 Number of people in it Wars 6:10:1 footnote
Made subject to Rome 14:4:1-5
Destruction under Herod 14:16:1-4
Titus wanted to preserve city and Temple Wars 5:8:1
Titus called God to witness it wasn't his fault but inhabitants Wars 5:12:14
All trees for 10 miles cut down by Romans, made desert Wars 6:1:1
Fell on same day, that 1st Temple was destroyed by King of Bablyon Wars 6:4:5
Burned Wars 6:8:5 footnote
Wall laid level, foundation dug up Wars 7:1:1
God made a decree against Jerusalem and whole nation Wars 7:8:7, 5:13:5, 6:2:1
JEREMIAH
His prophecies at the time of Zedekiah 10:7:3-6
And Baruch 10:9:6
And Nebuzaradan 10:9:1
70 years captivity 10:7:3
People believe — rulers reject him 10:7:3
JERICHO, Fall of 5:1:1-9
JEWS See also "ROME"
Honoured by kings of Asia 12:3:1-4
Many Jews in Babylon in Herod's day 15:2:2
Banished from Rome in the time of Tiberius 18:3:5
More than 8,000 in Rome in the time of Herod Wars 2:9:1
Some ancient writers didn't mention them Apion 1:23
Hellenized by Herod by Olympic games 15:8:1
Offended by Roman soldier (under Cumanus) Wars 2:12:1
Offended by Roman soldier destroying the Book of the Law Wars 2:12:2
Searched sewers and dunghills Wars 5:13:7
League of assistance with Rome 12:10:6
Confined to own nation by Pompey 14:4:1-5
Confederate with Julius Caesar vs. Egypt 14:8:1
JEWISH WAR 66-70 A.D. See also "WARS"
JOB
Also called Jasob 2:7:4, I Chronicles 7:1, Genesis 46:13
JOHN THE BAPTIST 18:5:2
JOHN THE HIGH PRIEST
Slays brother in Temple 11:7:1
JOHN OF GISCHALA
A leader of Zealots, cause of destruction 4:3:13
JONAH
Cast up on the shore of the Black Sea 9:10:2
JONATHAN THE HIGH PRIEST
Murdered by Felix 20:8:5
JORDAN RIVER
Crossed by Israel 5:1:3
JOSIAH
Found the Torah and reformed Judah 10:4:1-5
Died fighting Neco, King of Egypt 10:5:1
JOSEPH
Sold to merchants at age 17 2:3:3
Put over Potiphar's house 2:4:1
Enticed by Potiphar's wife 2:4:1-5
Baker crucified 2:5:4
Joseph explained Pharaoh's dream 2:5:6
Joseph given charge of all Egypt during the years of plenty and famine 2:5:7
Married Asenath (daughter of Potiphar or Petephres, priest of Heliopolis) in the time of plenty 2:6:1
Heliopolis: place for the king's shepherds 2:7:6
Sells corn to Egyptians and strangers, Saviour to Egyptians His grandson 2:7:4 and the 70
After the famine he gave the land back to the Egyptians and asked 20% tribute 2:7:7
Egyptians forgot him 2:9:1 See also "SLAVERY"
JOSEPHUS
Lover of Truth "Philalethes" p. viii Stebbings Introduction
Gave his work to Titus and Agrippa Life: 65
"Intention without action is not worthy of punishment" Romans 7:7 12:9:1
Aimed to be truthful and accurate 14:1:1
What he did in Galilee to prepare for the Romans Wars 2:20:6
Copied the Roman method of organizing armies Wars 2:20:7
How he flagellated his enemies Wars 2:21:5
Captured by the Romans Wars 3:8:5-8
Supposedly foretold the future Wars 3:8:9
Speech to Jews just before city fell shows example of deliverance, condemns them as impious Wars 5:9:4
JOSHUA
Joshua's long day 5:1:17
Expelled all the Canaanites in five years 5:1:19
Dividing of the land 5:1:21-24
Joshua's age 5:1:29
Monument set up by Canaanites at Tangier "...we were driven out by Joshua the robber..." 5:1:29 footnote
JUBILEE YEAR 3:12:3
Jubilee year preceded by triple crop year 15:9:1 footnote
JUDAS MACCABEUS See also "MACCABEANS" 12:7:1, 12:10:1
KETURAH
Her sons 1:15
KING
Qualifications of 6:14:4, 7:15:1, 9:11:2
KORAH
His rebellion 4:2:1-4:3:4
LABAN and JACOB 1:19:7-11
LAMECH
Skilled soothsayer 1:2:2
LANGUAGE, Confusion of, See also "TOWER OF BABEL"
LAW
To be read by High Priest at Tabernacles in Sabbatical year to the whole population 4:8:12
Children to be taught the Law first 4:8:12
Judges to be appointed — high office 4:8:14
Various laws 4:8:1-43
Carried in Roman Triumph Wars 7:6:5 footnote
Stored in Palace at Rome Wars 7:5:7
LEVITES
Garments of 3:7
Ephod — description of 3:7:5
Remained as priests until the time of the Maccabees 3:8:9
Assigned 48 cities, received tithes 4:4:3
Ephraim represents Joseph, Manasseh in place of Levi in war 3:12:4
Faithfully continues sacrifice under attack Wars 1:7:4
LIBRARY
200-500,000 volumes at Alexandria 12:2:1
LOT
In Sodom 1:11
Saved by Abraham from the five Assyrian kings 1:10:1-2
His wife 1:11:4
MACCABEANS
Background 12:6:1
Jonathan Maccabeus fought on the Sabbath 13:1:3
Jonathan given concessions by Demetrius of Syria 13:2:3
Jonathan dies and Simon the Great becomes ruler and High Priest 13:6:6-7
John Hyrcanus opens sepulchre of David 13:8:4 Wars 1:2:5
John Hyrcanus defeated, circumcised, and enforced the Jewish law on all Idumeans circumcised, they became just as Jews 13:9:1
John Hyrcanus became disgruntled with Pharisees and released the people from that sect's traditions 13:10:5-7
Aristobulus becomes king instead of John Hyrcanus 14:1:1
Alexander Janneus made king 13:12:1
Alexander Janneus crucified 800 of his Jewish enemies 13:14:2
Alexandra, Alexander Janneus's wife, took the kingdom and made Hyrcanus II High Priest 13:16:2
Jonathan burns temple of Dagon 13:4:4
Alexandra gave power to the Pharisees 13:6:2
Aristobulus II became king instead of Hyrcanus II 14:1:1-3
Mattathias teaches to fight even on Sabbath 12:6:2
Pompey sided with Hyrcanus II against Aristobulus II 14:3:3-4
Judas purifies temple 165 B.C. 12:7:6
Hyrcanus II was made ruler by Pompey 14:4:4 Wars 1:7:6
Antigonus driven out by Herod 14:12:1 See also "HEROD"
The Asamonean (Maccabean) family ended by Herod 14:16:4, 14:11:4 See under "HEROD" for the rest of the story
MANASSEH
Names means "forgetful" 2:6:1
MANASSEH (of the time of Alexander the Great)
Ousted from Jerusalem, became High Priest in Samaria 11:8:1-3
MANNA
Interesting characterization of, 3:1:6
Those who gathered more found they only had same measure as others 3:1:6
MARRIAGE
Various laws concerning 4:8:23
Sex to be used only for procreation Apion 2:25 Of Esau 1:18:2,7
MASADA
Description of, Wars 7:8:3-5
Defenders slew each other before they would surrender (73 A.D.) Wars 7:9:1
MELCHISEDEC 1:10:2
Wars 6:10:1
MIRIAM
Her death near Petra 4:4:6 footnote
MISCEGENATION
Not to intermarry 4:8:20
MORIAH
Mountain on which Temple was built 1:13:2
MOSES
His birth may have been foretold to Pharoah — causing the killing of all males 2:9:2
Found by Thermuthis, the king's daughter 2:9:5
Meaning of name 2:9:6
The child Moses trampled on the diadem and the scribe said he was the prophesied child and tried to kill him 2:9:7
Became Egyptian general against the Ethiopians 2:10:1,2
May have become betrothed to the Ethiopian woman at the time of the Ethiopian war 2:10:2
Educated with great care 2:9:7
At the burning bush 2:12:1
Return to Egypt 2:13:1
Plagues on Egypt 2:14:1
80 when he left Egypt; sea divides 2:15:1-2
His instructions to Israelites just prior to his death 4:8:1
Manetho wrongly called him Osarsiph of Helipolis Apion 1:26,1:28 footnote
Those who are governed well are fit to govern 4:8:2
His death 4:8:48-49
Law of Moses Apion 1:8
MUSIC
Temple service 8:3:8
David's Psalms and musical instruments 7:12:3
Solomon's songs and odes about creation 8:2:5
In Jewish feast days and celebrations 9:13:3
NAZIS
War Cry (Sieg Heil?) and Salute Wars 3:5:4
NEBUZARADAN
Takes vessels from Jerusalem to Babylon, transplants people, burns temple and palace for Nebuchadnezzar (Jeremiah 52:12 10:8:5
Nebuzaradan and Jeremiah 10:9:1
NEBUCHADNEZZAR (10:6 to the end of Book 10)
Took all Syria except Judea 10:6:1
Took Jerusalem and Judea 10:6:2-3
Put Zedekiah on the throne 10:7:1
Besieged Zedekiah in Jerusalem 10:7:3-4 His generals' names 10:8:2
Seven prophetic "times" 10:10:6
Removed Jews from Egypt to Babylon 10:9:7
His reign overlapped his father's 10:11:1
Conquered North Africa to Spain 10:11:1
His successors 10:11:2
NEHEMIAH
His work in Jerusalem 11:5:6-8
NIMROD
Why he built the Tower of Babel 1:4:2
How he provoked rebellion against God 1:4:2-3
NOAH
Divided earth 1:6:1
Sons of Noah 1:4:1-1:6:4
Fled from society of wicked men, Seth's line 1:3:1
OBEDIENCE
Versus sacrifice 6:7:4
To God not man 17:6:2-4
PARTITION
Walls of, Wars 5:5:2, 5:5:6, Apion 2:8
By Alexander 13:13:5
PASSOVER
In Jerusalem 70 A.D. Wars 9:9:3 footnote Number keeping it
PENTECOST
50 days from Passover 2:3:1
People gathered not to keep Pentecost but to attack the Romans Wars 2:3:1
"Let us remove hence" Wars 6:5:3 66 A.D.
PETRA
Place of Aaron's death 4:4:7
Also called Arce or Arecem after the king who built it 4:4:7, 4:7:1
The Palace of Aretas was there 14:1:4
Inhabited by Amalekites 3:2:1
PHARAOH
Means "king" in the Egyptian language 8:6:2
Used from Menes down for 1300 years before Solomon
Not used as a name after time that Solomon's father-in-law used it 8:6:2 Clothes Joseph in purple, allows him to use Royal Seal 2:5:7
PHARISEES See also "SECTS, JEWISH"
PILLAR OF SALT
Lot's wife turned into 1:11:4
Still standing in Josephus' day 1:11:4
PILATE, PONTIUS
Became successor to Gratus, Procurator of Judea 18:2:2
Entered Jerusalem with statues of Caesar, later he removed them because of the Jews' incessant pleading 18:3:1 Wars 2:9:2
Uses Corban for aqueduct 18:3:2
Slaughters Samaritans 18:4:1 and Jews Wars 2:9:2-4
Was in Judea 10 years before the death of Tiberius 18:4:2
POMPEY
Enters Temple 14:4:4 Wars 1:7:6
PRE-FLOOD WORLD
Animals 1:1:4
Astronomy 1:3:9
Food 1:3:9
Satan 1:1:4
Reasons for longer life span 1:3:9
Life span declined after the Flood until Moses 1:6:5
PRIESTHOOD
Uzziah stricken with leprosy when he usurped the priests' duties 9:10:4 Jews of Jerusalem chose common men to be priests during the Wars Wars 4:3:6- 8
PROCURATORS
From Herod's death
ANTIPATER Wars 1:10:3
HEROD Wars 1:11:4
SABINUS 17:10:1
10,000 tumults in Judea 17:10:4
Aided by Varus (Syrian president) 17:10:9
COPRONIUS 18:2:2
MARCUS AMBIVIUS 18:2:2
ANNIUS RUFUS 18:2:2
VALERIUS GRATUS 18:2:2
PONTIUS PILATE 18:2:2 See also "PILATE"
AGRIPPA Son of Agrippa the Great, reigned briefly 18:6:10
MARULLUS 18:6:10
CUSPIUS FADUS cleared Judaea of robberies 20:1:1
TIBERIUS ALEXANDER great famine in Judaea 20:5:2
CUMANUS 20:5:2 Wars 2:12:1
Boldly set his soldiers in the Temple 20:5:3 Wars 2:12:1
Soldier shows privy parts, starts riot 20:5:3
Soldier tears up Ten Commandments 20:5:4
FELIX 20:7:1 Wars 2:12:8
Puts down criminal element (Sicarii) 20:8:5, 20:8:10
PORCIUS FESTUS 20:8:9 Wars 2:14:1
ALBINUS 20:9:1 Wars 2:14:1
GESSIUS FLORUS 20:11:1 Wars 2:14:2
Man who displayed his crimes; war began in his second year 65-66 A.D. 20:11:1
PROPHECY
Concerning Cyrus, decree to move Jews back to Jerusalem 11:1:2-3
Concerning Alexander the Great 11:8
Nebuchadnezzar seven times 10:10:6
Sennacherib's slaughter foretold 10:1:3
Time equals a year 10:10:6
Onias building Temple in Egypt (Isaiah 19:19) 13:3:1-2
Comes to pass whether good or evil 10:2:3
Concerning Josiah comes to pass 361 years later 10:4:4
PTOLEMY
PHILADELPHUS gift to Temple 12:2:9
Has Septuagint translated 12:2:1-3
LATHYRUS orders women and children strangled, chopped up, boiled and eaten 13:13:6
QUIRINUS See also "CYRENIUS"
REBECCA and Isaac 1:16:1
Jacob and Esau 1:18:1
Birthright 1:18:6
REFUGE, Cities of,
Moses set apart three cities 4:7:4
REHOBOAM
Son of Solomon and an Ammonitess-Naamah 8:8:1
Punished by Shishak in the fifth year of his reign 8:10:2
REUBEN
His sons 2:7:4
ROMAN TRIUMPH
Law of the Jews and Temple spoil in procession Wars 7:5:5-6
ROME
Agrippa shows it to be conquering power Wars 2:16:1-5
Treaty of assistance with Jews 12:10:6
Takes over Judea, beginning of end 14:4:1-5
Concession made 14:10:1-12
Begins to take over, Pompey in temple, confines Jews to their own borders 14:4:1-5
SABBATH
Rest explained 3:12:3
Set apart for learning "customs and laws" 16:2:3
Day of rest from all work Wars 2:17:10
Jews waived from going to court on the Sabbath and on Preparation day from ninth hour (Mark 16:1) 16:6:2
Pompey halted wars against the Jews every Sabbath Wars 1:7:3, 14:4:4
Observed during the time of war originally 13:8:1
Jews in Babylon defended themselves on it 18:9:2
Was begun and ended with a trumpet Wars 4:9:12
Jews fought on the Sabbath at the beginning of the Roman wars Wars 2:19:2
Mattathias taught Jews to fight on Sabbath 12:6:2
Rest of seventh day dissolved at Antioch by Romans, Wars 7:3:3
SABBATICAL YEAR
Sabbatical rest explained 3:12:3, 15:1:2
Jews observed during war in the days of the Maccabees 12:9:5, 13:8:1
Jews were not forced to pay taxes on the Sabbatical Year 14:10:6
SACRIFICE
Ceased in 70 A.D. Wars 6:2:1 12:5:4 Wars 1:1:1
SADDUCEES See also "SECTS, JEWISH"
SAMARITANS
Brought into Palestine by the Assyrians 9:14:3, 10:9:7
Brought in by Shalmanezer 11:4:3
Called themselves "Jews" only when expedient 9:14:3, 12:5:5 Examples, 11:8:6, 12:5:5
Claimed to be descended from Joseph 11:8:6
Polluted temple at Jerusalem 18:2:2
Proclaimed Antiochus a god 12:5:5
Sacrificed at Mount Gerizzim rather than at Jerusalem 12:1:1
Hinder building of Temple, Partnership with Jews 11:4:4
Lawful to worship at Temple 11:4:3
Excluded from Temple 18:2:2
Character in wartime Wars 3:7:32
Slaughtered by Pilate 18:4:1
SAMSON
Marries a harlot, Delilah, and adopts foreign customs 5:8:10-12
SAMUEL
God delivered Israel by an earthquake (I Samuel 7:10) 6:2:2-3
His sons cause the people to demand a king 6:3:3
And Saul 6:7:4
Death 6:13:5
SANHEDRIN
Had to condemn first 14:9:3
SATAN
His influence on the pre-Flood world 1:1:4
SAUL
Appointed king 6:4:1-6
Spared the Shechemites (kindred of Raguel, Moses's father-in-law) 6:7:3
And Samuel 6:7:4-5
Under the influence of a demon 6:11:5
David chosen to relieve his condition 6:8:2
SCHOOLS
School of the prophets under Samuel 6:11:5
Public schools among the Jews 16:6:2
Education of children Apion 1:12
SCYTHIANS
Some called Sarmatians Wars 7:4:3
Some inhabited Lake Maeotis Wars 7:7:4
SECTS, JEWISH
General description of, 18:1:2
Essenes Wars 2:8:2-13
Beliefs about fate 13:5:9
General description of beliefs 18:1:5
Pharisees
Beliefs about fate 13:5:9
Their power over people 13:10:5, not severe in punishing 13:10:6
Their customs restored by Alexandra 13:16:2
Pharisees in government Wars 1:5:2
Numbered about 6,000, greatly oppose kings 17:2:4
General description of beliefs 18:1:3 Wars 2:8:14
Ordained many laws not in the Bible 13:10:6
Sadducees
Beliefs about fate 13:5:9
General description of beliefs 18:1:4 Wars 2:8:14
Epicureans 10:11:7
SELECTIVE SERVICE
Among Jews under Roman rule 14:10:12-14
Jews would not fight on the Sabbath Wars 2:17:10
Jews freed from service because of the Sabbath 14:10:12
Jews did not maintain a standing army 14:10:2,12,14
Levites not allowed to war 4:4:3
SELEUCUS
Took Babylon after Alexander's demise 12:1:1
Honored the Jewish nation 12:3:1
SENNACHERIB
His army destroyed 10:1:5
SEPTUAGINT TRANSLATION 12:2:1
"Translated more carelessly" 12:2:4-5
Completed in 72 days 12:2:13
SERPENTS, FLYING
Harassed Moses when he fought the Ethiopians 2:10:2
SETH
Children righteous for seven generations then departed 1:3:1
SEVENTY YEARS CAPTIVITY 10:9:7
Ends 11:1:1
Cyrus sends top men to Jerusalem 11:1:2
Sacrifices begun 11:1:3
SEX
Sex sins, punishment for, 4:8:23-24
Laws explained 3:12:1-2
Transvestitism 4:8:43
SHADRACH, MESHACH, ABEDNEGO 10:10:1
SHALMANESER
Removed Israel from Samaria 9:14:2
Besieged Tyre for five years 9:14:2
Brought Cutheans into Samaria 9:14:3
SHISHAK
Comes up against Rehoboam 8:10:1-4
SICARII See also "ZEALOTS"
Murder in broad daylight at feasts beginning with High Priest Wars 2:13:3
Fled to Egypt Wars 7:10:1
SIMON MAGUS 20:7:1 footnote
SIN
Punished by disease and barren land 7:5:4
SHEM
Where his descendants settled 1:6:4
SIGN
To flee "Let us remove hence" Wars 6:5:3
In the heavens Wars 6:5:3
Jesus, son of Ananus prophesies 62-69 A.D. Wars 6:5:3
SLAVERY
Israelites brought into slavery 2:9:1
SNOW
3:6:4 Curtain in temple
In Moses' time 3:1:6
In Maccabee's time 13:6:6
Covers Judea War 4:8:3
SODOM
Fall of, 11:1:1
SOLOMON
His deeds in Israel 8:7:3-4
An evil man, love for women, ruled by his wives 8:7:5
Learned a skill by which he expelled demons 8:2:5
Built a city in upper Syria, called Palmyra by Greeks 8:6:1
Solomon's palace 8:5:1-2
Visited by the Queen of Sheba 8:6:5
Sent ships to India from the Red Sea 8:6:4
Sent ships around the world 8:7:2
Death of, 8:7:8
Reigned 80 years and lived 94 years 8:7:8
Kingdom divided 8:8:3
Fall of, 11:11
SORCERY
Lemech was a skilled sooth-sayer 1:2:2
Simon Magus — friend of Felix 20:7:2
SOUL See also "HADES"
Herod believed in an immortal soul Wars 1:33:2
Pharisees believed in an immortal soul Wars 2:8:14
Josephus believed in an immortal soul Wars 3:8:5, 1:1:2
Of hero becomes a good demon in heaven Wars 6:1:5
SPARTANS
Were to be reminded of their friendship and kinship with the Jews 13:5:8, Wars 1:26:1
STATUES See also "IMAGES"
STONING
Of James, brother of Jesus 20:9:1
TABERNACLE
Under construction for 7 months 3:8:4
Typified Heavens and Earth
TAXING
Of Cyrenius, 18:2:1
TEMPLE
Burned by Nebuchadnezzar in Zedekiah's time 10:8:5
Cambyses forbade reconstruction of, 11:2:1-2
Rebuilt in 7 years during time of Ezra 11:4:7
Ptolemy's gift exceedingly fine workmanship 12:2:9
Polluted by Antiochus 12:5:4
Purified by Judas 12:7:6
Celebrated in all habitable earth 13:3:4
Rebuilt by Herod 15:11:1-7
Polluted by Persians 11:7:1-2
High Priest murdered brother in Temple 11:7:1
Description Wars 5:5:1-8
Burned 70 A.D. Wars 6:4:5-8
Built in Egypt by Onias 13:3:1-3
TIME
Josephus understood it to be a year in prophecy 10:10:6
TIRHAKA
King of the Ethiopians vs. Sennacherib 10:1:4
TITHES 4:4:3
Mention of three 4:8:22
Second tithe: to be used at the feasts 4:8:8
Third tithe: 4:8:22
Firstborn, firstfruits 4:4:4
TITUS CAESAR
Concern for Jerusalem Wars 5:9:2, Wars 6:2:4
Disclaimed responsibility for the plight of the Jews in the doomed city Wars 5:12:4
Entered the Holy of Holies Wars 6:4:7
Knew God delivered city Wars 6:9:1
TOWER OF BABEL
Built by Nimrod to escape another Flood 1:4:2
Mentioned by Sibyl 1:4:3
Whole earth colonized by language groups 1:5:1, 1:6:1
TROGLODYTIS
Given to Abraham's sons by Keturah 2:9:3
TRUMPETS
Used to summon people, signal to move, and for feasts 3:12:6
TRUTH
Vanished from world 16:11:4
In a historian 14:1:1
In Josephus Wars, Introduction, Section 8, Life:62-65
Lover of truth Introduction page 8, Section 65
Truth is most powerful thing 11:3:6
TUBAL-CAIN
Famous in martial performances 1:2:2
Invented the art of making brass 1:2:2
TYRE
City was on an island in Solomon's day 8:2:7 footnotes
URIM AND THUMMIN
To prophesy means to consult God by Urim and Thummin 5:2:1 Description of 3:8:9, 3:7:5
The breastplate quit shining 200 years before Josephus wrote 3:8:9
Used in the days of Hycranus to foresee the future 13:10:7
UNQUENCHABLE FIRE
Wars 2:17:6
VESPASIAN See also "WARS"
WARS
66 to 70 A.D. (Note: All references in this section are found in "Wars of the Jews")
66 A.D.
Gessius Florus had 3,600 Jews of Roman dignity whipped and crucified 2:14:9
Agrippa made a speech to the Jews to divert them from making war with the Romans 2:16:4
Beginning of the war with the Romans 2:17:2 Cesarea emptied of the Jews 2:18:1
Cestius slew those who didn't keep the Feast 2:19:1
Jews fight on Feast Day 2:19:2
Defeat of Cestius 2:19:5-9
Most eminent of the Jews fled Jerusalem 2:20:1
67 A.D.
Vespasian marched on Gadara, slew all and set fire to it and towns around it mercilessly 3:7:1
Vespasian used 160 engines for throwing stones and darts on the city 3:7:9
Jews poured scalding oil on the Romans on wall 3:7:28 Jotapata taken 3:7:36
Josephus escaped in war with the Romans 3:8:8 See also "JOSEPHUS"
Romans took Joppa without opposition and utterly destroyed it 3:9:3
Gamala taken, many die of famine 4:1:9-10
Galilee taken 4:2:5
Fighting among Jews of Jerusalem 4:5-4:6
Jordan and Dead Sea filled with bodies 4:7:6
68 A.D.
Simon of Gerasa ravages Masada area with Sicarii 4:9:3
Vespasian fortified all the places around Jerusalem, erected citadels at Jericho and Adida 4:9:1
Vespasian prepared whole army to march directly to Jerusalem 4:9:2
Vespasian delays siege after Nero's and Galba's deaths 4:9:2
69 A.D.
Vespasian marched against places of Judea which were not overthrown 4:9:9
Simon got possession of Jerusalem 4:9:12
Vespasian released Josephus 4:10:7
Vespasian goes to Alexandria 4:11:5
70 A.D.
Vespasian went to Rome — late winter 69-70 A.D. — and left Titus to destroy Jerusalem 4:11:5
Titus marched out of Cesarea 5:1:6
Romans got possession of the first wall on the 15th day of siege 5:7:2
Titus took the second wall five days later 5:8:1
Famine condition in Jerusalem during the siege 5:10:2-5, 6:3:3-5
Temple burned in spite of Titus' desire to preserve it 6:4:7
Room wanting for crosses, crosses wanting for the bodies 5:11:1
WOMEN
Not allowed to give legal testimony according to Josephus 4:8:15
Zerubbabel's defence of them 11:3:5
ZERAH
His army of one million was defeated by Asa 8:12:1
ZEDEKIAH
Put on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar 10:7:1
Blinded and carried to Babylon 10:8:2
His daughters carried away by Ishmael 10:9:4
ZOROBABEL See Also "ZERUBBABEL"
His display of wisdom 11:3:2-7
Builds temple 11:2:1
Upholds Truth before Darius Hystaspes 11:3:5
ZEALOTS See also "SICARII"
Criminal element ruling city by terror Wars 5:10:1, 4:5-4:6
Growing proportions 20:8:5 Wars 4:3:12
Name 20:8:10
Character Wars 4:6:3
Appoint High Priest of the lowest class Wars 4:3:6
John of Gischala was cause of destruction Wars 4:3:13
No opposition to criminal element Wars 4:3:10
Used Temple as Headquarters Wars 4:3:7,9-10
Got drunk in Temple Wars 4:4:3
Helped Idumeans in killing even in Temple Wars 4:5:1-3 footnote
Corn burnt in city Wars 5:1:4
Brought terror on citizens who preferred war with Romans Wars 5:2:5
Entered Temple although Romans would not go beyond the bounds allotted to profane persons Wars 4:3:10
Incapable of repenting Wars 5:12:4
Not able to hide from God or Romans Wars 6:7:3
ZEDEKIAH
His daughters taken by Ishmael 10:9:4
NOTE: Some editions of Josephus have errors in the headings. One place is Antiquities, Book XII, Chapter VII, where the heading on the inside edge of the page is Ch. II. This can be a problem if you are unaware of it.
— Ambassador College Department of History
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