"This is That" (Acts 2:16) This Is Appendix
183 From The Companion Bible
- "This is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel."
There is nothing in the words to tell us what is "this"
and what is "that". The word "this" is
emphatic and the word "But", with which Peter's argument
begins, sets what follows in contrast. This shows that the quotation was
used to rebut the charge of drunkenness (verse
13)
So far from these signs and wonders being a
proof that "these men" were drunken, "this",
said the apostle is "that" (same kind of thing) which Joel
prophesied would take place "in the last days". Peter does
not say these were the last days, but this (that follows)
is what Joel says of those days. He does not say "then was
fulfilled", nor "as it is written", but merely
calls attention to what the prophet said of similar scenes yet future.
Therefore to understand what Peter really meant by
"this is that", we must turn to the prophecy of Joel. And
in order to understand that prophecy, we must see exactly what it is
about.
- It is about the Christian Dispensation? or
- The Dispensation of judgment which is to follow it? or
- Is it about the Jew and the Gentile? or
- Is it about the church of God?
- The Structure on page 1224 (in The Companion Bible)
gives the scope of Joel as a whole, while that on page
1227 (in The Companion Bible) gives that of the last
member B (page 1224 in The Companion Bible)
in which occur the "signs" to which Peter points in
connexion with "this is that". From this it will be seen
that the prophecy of Joel links up with the last clause of the
"song of Moses" in Deuteronomy 32:43 (see Revelation
15:3), which ends
- "And (He) will be merciful unto His Land and to His
People."
So Joel 2.18 begins:
- "Then will Jehovah be jealous for His Land, and pity His
People."
"THIS", therefore is
"THAT". It is the subject-matter and remote context of
Acts 2:16. It concerns
Jehovah's Land and Jehovah's People, and has consequently nothing to do
with the church of this Dispensation. Peter calls "the house of
Israel" (verse 36) to the very
repentance spoken of in the call to repentance of Joel (1:14 - 2:17; see
A, Structure, page 1224 in The Companion
Bible).
- But the key to the correct understanding of Peter's quotation lies
in the word "afterward" of Joel 2:28. The question
is, after what? This we can learn only from Joel himself. Peter does not
explain it, nor can we understand it from Peter's words alone.
The Structure (page 1227 in The
Companion Bible) shows us that the whole subject of
2:18 - 3:21 is,-evil removed
from the Land and the People, and blessing bestowed on both; and these
are set forth alternately. In 2:28, 29 we have
spiritual blessings connected with the temporal of the previous verses,
introduced thus:
- "And it shall come to pass AFTERWARD, that I will pour out
My spirit upon all flesh," etc.
After what? The answer is AFTER the temporal
blessings of verses 23-27. It is important
to note that the temporal precede the spiritual blessings. The holy
spirit was not poured out on all flesh at Pentecost: only on some of
those present. None of the great signs in the heavens and on the earth
had been shown. No deliverance took place in Jerusalem: both Land and
People were still under the Roman yoke.
- Thus, from a careful study of the two passages, it will be seen that
there is a wide divergence between the statements of apostle and prophet
on the one hand, and the general belief of Christendom, which the
majority hold so tenaciously, not to say acrimoniously, that "the
church" was formed at Pentecost (see Appendix 181
and Appendix
186), on the other.
- (a) There can be no mistake about the meaning of
Joel's word "afterward". It is not the simple Hebrew
word 'ahar = after (compare Genesis 5:
4, etc.), but
the compound 'aharey-ken = after that (as Genesis
6:4, etc.).
- (b) It is therefore certain that the word
"this" in Acts 2:
16 refers to what
follows, and not to what precedes; to the future events predicted by
Joel, and not to those then taking place in Jerusalem.
- (c) As Joel speaks of no gift of tongues,
"this" cannot refer to these Pentecostal tongues, the
outstanding cause of all the wonder and excitement.
- (d) None of the things detailed in verses
17,
19
came to pass. "This" therefore could not be the
fulfillment of Joel's prediction, as the "pouring out"
was only on the apostles and those associated with them.
- To sum up: As we have seen, there is in Acts 2:16 no fulfillment
of Joel's prophecy either expressed or implied, and Peter's argument
narrows down to this, videlicet, that a charge of drunkenness can no
more be sustained against "these" than it can be against
those in the yet future scenes spoken of by Joel, when the wondrous
spiritual blessings will be poured out on all flesh AFTER THAT, that is
to say, after all the temporal blessings spoken of have
been bestowed upon Israel's Land and Israel's People.
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