Toward the end of the Neolithic period, the western Mediterranean countries were invaded by seafarers of a tall, exceptionally long-headed Mediterranean variety; some of these invaders passed through the Straits of Gibraltar, whence they also invaded the British Isles and Scandinavia. The accompanying pictures show modern derivatives of this sea-borne type.

Fig. 1 (3 views). A north Italian from Villa Romagno, Piedmont, near Genoa.

Fig. 2 (3 views). A Frenchman from the Midi, a native of Toulouse. The Atlanto-Mediterranean race is an important element in the south of France, but is most frequently partially or wholly brachycephalized by Alpine admixture, of which this individual shows no evidence.

Fig. 3 (3 views). A metrically and morphologically perfect example of the late Neolithic Megalithic or Long Barrow race, the modern Atlanto-Mediterranean, from Azer in Portugal.

Fig. 4 (3 views). A dolichocephalic Spanish Basque from Sexto in the Basque Province. Like many Basques, he is extremely leptorrhine, narrow-jawed, and blue-eyed.