Upper Palaeolithic       Mediterranean

1.  Great size of brain case.      Brain size variable, but usually
                                             moderate.

2.  Mean skull length about      Mean skull length between 183-193 mm.
     198 mm. in males.             in males.

3.  Vault height variable,          Absolute vault height has the same range
     usually moderate.              in absolute dimensions, or higher, but
                                            usually higher in relation to other diameters.
                                            Within the Mediterranean-Galley Hill group,
                                            differences of vault height serve as
                                            diagnostics of race or sub-race.

4.  Head form variable. Local   Same.
     means 70-72 in some
     cases, 74-75 in others.

5.  Strong tendency to             Tendency to brachycephaly not
     become brachycephalic,      manifested by advent of Neolithic in areas
     manifest in some local       yet known.
     branches

6.  Thick vault, heavy relief      Vault medium to thin, muscular relief on vault
     of muscle attachments.      as a rule slight.

7.  Browridges and                  Browridges and nuchal lines variable, medium
     development of nuchal       to weak.
     lines on occiput strong.

8.  Face variable in length,       Same, but some notably long-faced exceptions.
     frequently short.

9.  Face very broad,                 Face usually narrow, 127-133 mm., zygomatic
     bizygomatic diameter          arches weak and laterally compressed.
     over 140 mm. in males.
     Zygomatic arches greatly
     bowed.

10. Orbits very wide and low.     Orbits of moderate proportions.

11. Distance between orbits       Distance between orbits slight.
      great.

12. Nasal skeleton prominent.   Nasal skeleton prominent in some types,
                                              but not in all.

13. Sub-nasal segment of face   Sub-nasal segment of face height relatively
      height relatively great.         slight.

14. Mandible thick, heavy, with    Mandible variable; usually light, of small
      great symphysial height,       symphysial height, and narrow in both
      wide bicondylar and bigonial  lateral diameters, chin moderate or
      diameters; prominent, often  pointed. In some types, however, the
      bilateral chin.                       mandible approaches the Upper Palaeolithic
                                                form in height, but not in breadth.

15. Stature variable, but most      Stature variable, but most characteristically
      characteristically tall, mean    short, types vary from 159 to 172 cm. in
      probably about 172 cm.         means.

16. Bodily build usually robust,      Bodily build usually linear, hands and feet
      shoulders very broad, chests   smaller, weight probably less.
      voluminous, hands and feet
      large.